Journal: International Journal of Biological Sciences
Article Title: N-acetylcysteine and raloxifene boost photodynamic therapy against cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma by decreasing TGFβ1 secreted by cancer-associated fibroblasts
doi: 10.7150/ijbs.106642
Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of CAF endoglin expression levels on TGFβ1 secretion and on the induction of resistance to PDT in A431 cells. (A) Secretion of TGFβ1 produced by T205A after treatment with increasing concentrations of recombinant endoglin. ELISA assay was performed to quantify the levels of secreted TGFβ1 to the culture medium collected 24 h after treatments. (B) Expression of endoglin analyzed by Western blot in T205A CAFs after transfection with the negative control (NC) and a siRNA targeting endoglin. Western blot images are representative of n = 3 independent experiments. Error bars denote ± S.E.M. (n = 4, one-way ANOVA: *p<0.05, **p<0.01 and ***p<0.001). (C) Secretion of TGFβ1 produced by T205A CAFs after transfection with NC or ENGsiRNA. ELISA assay was performed to quantify the levels of secreted TGFβ1 to the culture medium collected 24 h after treatment with NAC (D) Effect of the pre-treatment with NAC of transfected T205A in the CAF-derived CM on the response of bidimensional A431 cell cultures to PDT. Upper row: phase contrast images illustrating the morphological changes in A431 cells after treatments. Scale bar: 50 µm. Lower row: cell viability rates of A431 cells treated with MAL-PDT (0.5 mM of MAL and red light dose of 9.1 J·cm -2 ) in the presence of T205A CM after transfection. Error bars denote ± S.E.M. (n = 3, one-way ANOVA, statistical comparisons to Fb condition: *<0.05, **p<0.01 and ***p<0.001; multiple comparisons: #p<0.05, ##p<0.01 and ###p<0.001).
Article Snippet: Lyophilized recombinant human endoglin (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA) was reconstituted in PBS containing 0.1% BSA to prepare a 250 μg/ml stock solution.
Techniques: Expressing, Produced, Recombinant, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Western Blot, Transfection, Negative Control, Derivative Assay